This chapter provides instructions to users who are already familiar with the basic operation of Inst. It contains cursory installation instructions as an alternative to the detailed instructions in Chapter 5, “Using Supplementary Menus” and elaborates options for using Main menu commands. Finally, this chapter explains how to use features on the other Inst menus.
This chapter contains these sections:
The from command specifies the distribution source for an installation session or portion of the session (see “Step 2: Specifying the Source” in Chapter 4 for basic information). This section suggests several alternatives to the specification methods described in Chapter 5, “Using Supplementary Menus”. “Using a Distribution Keyword” contains additional information.
The $dist variable is a shorthand notation to specify the location of a distribution. The value of $dist is the current value of the dist preference (see “A Closer Look at Preferences ” in Chapter 8). The dist preference is automatically set each time Inst reads product descriptions from a distribution source. When Inst is invoked, the value of dist is set to the last software distribution source that was specified in an Inst session.
Use $dist as an argument to from to specify the location of the distribution:
Inst> from $dist |
You can check the value of dist at any time by entering this command:
Inst> view set dist |
A distribution specification can contain the name of a specific product to be installed. These sample entries illustrate how to specify a single product as a distribution source:
Inst> from server:/CDROM/dist/product_name Inst> from $dist/product_name |
When you specify a product name, only the specified product can be installed. However, this method reduces the time required for disk space checking and verification of the installation history.
As a default, Inst uses the guest account to connect to an installation server (see “Configuring an Installation Account” in Chapter 2). To use an alternate account on the server, specify the user account name in your distribution specification:
Inst> from user@server:pathname |
For a live installation, you can use the Inst command-line argument -f to specify the distribution source. This is equivalent to giving the from command on the Inst Main menu. These examples illustrate inst -f command entries :
# inst -f /CDROM/dist # inst -f server:pathname # inst -f server:pathname/product |
In your entry, specify the pathname of the software distribution for source (/CDROM/dist, for example); if the distribution is on a remote server, include the server name in your specification (easyboy:/CDROM/dist, for example). If you wish to install an individual product, substitute the shortname of the product for product in your entry (easyboy:/CDROM/dist/InPerson, for example). See “Step 2: Specifying the Source” in Chapter 4 for additional information on specifying a distribution source.
It is possible to install software without using Inst menus; however, only live installations can be performed noninteractively. Noninteractive installations install the subsystems that are preselected by Inst (see “Required and Default Subsystems” in Chapter 1 for information on these selections). In cases where the distribution contains an update to installed software, the older version on the target is replaced by the update. In cases where the distribution contains software that is not installed on the target, the default subsystems are installed (these are marked with d in list displays).
To install software noninteractively, use the -a argument (automatic) on the inst command line. To specify the location of the software distribution in the automatic installation, use the -a argument with the -f argument in your command. If you do not use the -f argument, the default is the software distribution source that you specified when you last used Inst.
In Example 6-1, the ftn_dev product is installed noninteractively from a software distribution directory on a remote workstation.
Example 6-1. Sample of a Noninteractive Installation
% /bin/su - Password: # inst -a -f easyboy:/d/IRIX_5.3/ftn_dev # |
See also the optional RoboInst software described in Chapter 9, “Automating Installations With RoboInst”.
The discussions that follow explain how to save keystrokes when using Inst commands. These shortcuts apply to all Inst menus.
Instead of command names, you can give command numbers at the prompt. For example, this command is the same as entering the remove command:
Inst> 7 |
Inst recognizes the shortest unique abbreviation of any command, so your command entry can be brief. You can also use command abbreviations in combination with keywords (see “Using Keywords as Arguments”). The sample entry below, which is an abbreviation for the list command used with the keyword downgraded, is the same as entering list downgraded:
Inst> l D |
When you enter subsystem names as arguments to Inst commands, you can use wildcards to shorten your entries. Inst accepts these shell-style wildcards in subsystem names:
| ? | Matches one character. | |
| * | Matches any combination of characters but applies only to the product, image, or subsystem portion of the name in which it is used. In other words, the asterisk (*) does not match characters in the entire subsystem name; it matches only the characters that appear in one segment of a subsystem name (see “Using Product and Image Names” for an explanation of name segments). | |
| [ ] | Matches any enclosed characters or a range of characters separated by a dash. |
Table 6-1 illustrates the use of wildcards in product names.
Table 6-1. Subsystem Names Specified With Wildcard
Entry | Meaning |
|---|---|
eoe.sw.* | All sw subsystems in the eoe product |
*.man.* | All man subsystems in the distribution |
*.man | All man images in the distribution |
eoe* | All products whose names begin with eoe |
[a-c]*.sw.* | All sw subsystems in products whose names begin with a, b, or c |
Any command that accepts subsystems names as arguments also accepts product and image names as arguments. This means that the trailing asterisk wildcards (.* and .*.*) are not necessary to specify all subsystems in an image or product.
Example 6-2 illustrates commands that use product and image names as arguments.
Example 6-2. Commands With Product and Image Arguments
Inst> list eoe Inst> install *.man Inst> keep * |
You can tell whether you are specifying a subsystem, image, or product name by the number of segments in the name. Product names contain one segment and no dots, image names contain two segments separated by one dot, and subsystem names contain three segments separated by two dots. These rules are true even when you use wildcards.
Example 6-3 illustrates the structure of names in the product hierarchy.
Example 6-3. Sample Product, Image, and Subsystem Names
dmedia_dev dmedia_dev.sw dmedia_dev.sw.audio |
The list, install, remove, keep, and step commands take arguments called keywords. Keywords are shorthand designations for groups of subsystems, images, or products. Many keywords have a long form and a single-letter abbreviation.
Table 6-2 lists each keyword, its abbreviation (if it has one), and a description of the subsystems, images, or products that the keyword designates.
Keyword | Abbrev. | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
all | a | All subsystems in showprods -a output plus all subsystems in the software distribution. |
clientonly | c | All subsystems to be installed only on NFS client systems. |
conflicting | C | Subsystems that are generating conflicts |
default | d | All subsystems that are recommended for installation by the manufacturer. The letter d appears after the subsystem name in list output. |
<dist>: |
| All subsystems in all distributions whose name contains the string specified by dist. In the case of a CD, the string specifies the CD title. |
distribution | dist | All subsystems in the distribution. |
downgrade | D | All subsystems for which the version in the distribution is a downgrade of (older than) the installed version on the target. The letter D appears in the second column of list output |
feature | (none) | Feature stream of release. Includes content of maintenance stream (see keyword "maint") plus new software features. |
hardware | h | All subsystems containing hardware-specific files. |
install | i | All subsystems that are selected for installation. The letter i appears in the first column of list output |
installable | A | All subsystems in the software distribution except the patches, machine-dependent subsystems, and client-only subsystems that do not apply to the target. |
installed | I | All subsystems for which the installed target version is the same as the distribution version. The letter I appears in the second column of list output. |
keep | k | All installed subsystems that are not selected for reinstallation, replacement, or removal. |
maint | (none) | Maintenance stream of release. Includes bug fixes esssential to system stability and compatibility, plus support for new hardware and hardware upgrades. |
new | N or n | All subsystems in the distribution that are not installed on the target and are not upgrades or downgrades of an installed subsystem. The letter N appears in the second column of list output. |
notinstalled | (none) | All subsystems that were never installed on or removed from the target. |
patches | (none) | All patches in the distribution. |
patchupgrade | P | All patches on the distribution that are upgrades to installed patches. The letter P appears in the first column of list output. |
prereq | (none) | All prerequisites for selected software. Automatically resolves conflicts. |
removable | L | All installed subsystems that can be selected for removal. |
remove | r | All subsystems that are selected for removal. The letter r appears in the first column of list output. |
removed | R | All subsystems that were once installed on the target and later removed. The letter R appears in the first column of list output. |
required | q | All subsystems that are required for proper operation of the target. The letter r appears after the subsystem name in list output. |
same | S or s | All subsystems for which the version on the distribution and the version in the target are the same. The letter S appears in the second column of list output. |
stale | (none) | All installed subsystems that must be reinstalled because of hardware changes. |
standard | (none) | All upgraded subsystems and any subsystems that are new to the product and designated as default. |
target | targ | All subsystems on the target. |
upgrade | U | All subsystems for which the distribution contains a version that is newer than the installed version on the target. The letter U appears in the second column of list output. |
upgraded | u | All subsystems on the target that are being replaced by a distribution version (usually newer) as part of the installation of a related product. |
Inst interprets any argument to a list or selection command that ends in a colon (:) as a distribution keyword; that is, the argument is considered a distribution specification. A distribution keyword is useful when multiple distributions are open. You can use distribution keywords with other keywords in your entries. For example, this command installs all default subsystems from an open distribution on server cameo:
Inst> install cameo:/6.3/options: d |
The step command allows you to display the distribution or target inventory, one item at a time, as you make selections. By default, step displays subsystems in the distribution inventory, but, like list, the output of step is determined by the current view settings. The step command takes the same keyword arguments and wildcards as list.
The items that step displays are determined by the arguments in your entry. For example, this step command causes only upgraded products to be displayed:
Inst> step U |
After the entry, Inst posts selection information, followed by the first upgraded product in the distribution, as shown in Example 6-4.
Example 6-4. A step Command Display
Current View: Location: distribution Status: N=New,U=Upgrade,P=Patch upgrd,S=Same,D=downgrade,,' '=Not Installed Selection: i=install, r=remove, k=keep Level: subsystem Name: short Subsystem Type(s) [bdrp]: b=reBoot needed, d=Default, r=Required, p=Patch] Step commands: i,r,k,n,p,... Use ? for more step help. i S refind.man.rfind [d] 0 Rfind Man Pages |
As each software item is displayed, use the i (install), r (remove), or k (keep) to make selections. If you use a capital I, R, or K, your action applies to all subsystems in the product. To leave an item unchanged, press Enter. After your selection, the next subsystem is displayed for selection:
i D U 4dwm [d] 800+ Desktop Window Manager D U cadmin 1831+ Desktop Administration, 5.2 |
Continue until you finish making selections. Type ? at any time for help. You can quit the step process at any time by typing q.
The step command allows an interactive operating mode that enables you to make subsystem selections with a special key or key combinations. In some cases, you can request a particular action using several different keys. Some special keys provide searching and listing capabilities.
Table 6-3 lists the special keys that you can use during step operations.
Table 6-3. Requests in step Operations
Level Affected | Requested Action | Keys |
|---|---|---|
Subsystem | Select this subsystem for installation. | i or u or <right-arrow> |
| Select this subsystem for removal. | r |
| Keep the current subsystem version; cancel the current request. | k or <left-arrow> |
| Select this subsystem for installation if it is marked with a d. | d |
| No change to the current request for this subsystem. | <Enter> or n or j or <down-arrow> |
| No change to the current request for this subsystem; display the previous subsystem. | p or <up-arrow> or - |
| List all previous subsystems. | l |
| List the files in this subsystem. | f |
Products | Select the remaining subsystems in this product for installation. | I or U |
| Select the remaining subsystems in this product for installation if they are marked with a d. | <Shift><right-arrow> |
| Select the remaining subsystems in this product for removal. | R |
| Keep the current version of this product; cancel the current request for remaining subsystems in the product. | K or <Shift><left-arrow> |
| Select subsystems in this product for installation if marked with a d. | D |
| Retain the current request for all subsystems in this product and display the first subsystem in the next product. | N or J or <Shift><down_arrow> |
| Retain the current request for this product and display the first subsystem of the previous product. | P or <Shift><up-arrow> |
All levels | Search for pattern and display the product that contains it. | /pattern <Enter> |
| Display help for step operation. | h |
| Quit step operation. | q |